Frictional reversi ng-g earing



(No Mole.)l l F. H. RICHARDS f FRICTIONAL REVBRSING GEARING.

Patented Feb. 24,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO ECKLEY B.COKE, OF DRIFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

FRICTIONAL REVERSING-GEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,927, dated February24, 1891.

pplication filed December 18, 1890. Serial No. 375,152. (No model.)

T0 all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, a citizen of the United States,residing' at llartford,in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFrictional Reversing-Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to frietional drivinggearing, the object being tofurnish a system of frictional reversing-gearing organized for operatinga driven shaft in either direction.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Figures 1,2,and are respectively an end elevation, a side elevation, anda plan View, of a system-of friclional reversing-gearing embodying myinvention. Figs. 4, 5, and G are diagrammatic views illustrative of theoperation of the mechanism.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the ligures.

The mechanism is applicable to that class of machines wherein it isdesirable to intermittently actuate a shaft in either direction. Itcomprises a driving-shaft carrying a friction gear or wheel fixedthereto, a driven shaft also carrying a friction-wheel fixed thereto,and two intermediate friction wheels arranged for transferring motionfrom the driv- Ing-wheel to the driven wheel through one of saidintermediates or through both of them.

The frame-work for carrying the operative details may be a part of theframe-work of any-machine or apparatus in which my present Improvementmay be incorporated; or, if arranged as an independent mechanism, asherein shown, said frame-work may consist of any suitable bed or base,as B, provided with suitable bearings. The bed or frame-work B isprovided with uprights, as 2 and il, in which are journaled thedriving-shaft 3 and the driven shaft 5. The upright 2 also has journaledtherein the lever-provided crank-shaft 6, carrying the first orprincipal intermediate wheel S, and the crank-shaft 7, carrying thesecond intermediate wheel 9. The drivingshaft 3 has xed thereto bysuitable means, as the key 1l, the driving-.wheel l0. This shaft andwheel are ordinarily to be continuously revolved in the samedirection-as, for

instance, in the direction indicated by the arrow on said wheel in Figal. The driven shaft 5 has fixed thereto the driven wheel 12. Therock-shaft G has a crank-arm 1+i, carrying the stud or crank pin l5, onwhich the principal intermediate wheel S is fitted to freely revolve.Said wheel S may be held in place on the stud 15 by means of a collar 17and a set-screw 18, as shown in the drawings. A suitablereversing-lever. as 1G, is or may be fixed to the inner end of the shaftC, whereby to aetuate said shaft by hand. The shaft 7 has a crank-arm19, (similar to arm 14,) which carries the crank Vpin or stud 20, onwhich the intermediate wheel 9 is fitted to freely revolve, said wheelbeing held in place on said stud by means of a collar 2l and set-screw22, in a well-known manner. For limiting the movement of theA shaft 7 inits bearing in one direction, a pin 23 is or may be fixed in the upright2 of the frame-work, and a spring 24, provided to hold the arm i9 ofsaid shaft normally in contact with said stop-pin, thereby holding thewheel 9 normally out of engage- Inent with the wheel lO.

The wheel 9 is shown in the drawings having two diameters. .The part 9of larger diameter is designed to engage the wheel l0, and the part 9 ofsmaller diameteris designed to engage the wheel S. This feature is usedbecause of the use of grooved friction-wheels. Since the wheel Sisrequired to mesh with each of the wheels l0, 9, and 12, of course thegrooves of all these wheels must be in the same plane; but the wheel 9must also mesh with the wheel 10, and this, except for vthe abovedescribed expedient, would bring groove opposite groove, and thus renderthe wheels non-effective. Accordingly, said sec ond intermediate wheelhas two divisions or faces of different diameters and designated 9 and9', respectively, the division 9 being grooved to correspond with thewheel 10 and the division 9 with the wheel S. By this means the properengagement of all the wheels is provided for.

The operation of the mechanism will be understood by comparison of thediagrammatic views, Figs. 4, 5, and 6. In Fig. 4 the intermediate wheelsare shown disengaged from both the driving and the driven wheels,

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and the driven shaft 5 and its wheel vl2 are supposed te be at rest,while the drivingshaft S and its wheel 10 are continuously revolving inthe direction of the arrow thereon. 5 lf, new, the operator grasps thelever lti and throws it over toward the right hand in Fig. l, the partsmoved thereby are thrown into the position shown in Figs. l and 5,wherein all of the wheels are in engagement and revolve each in thedirection indicated by the arrow thereon. I.Should the operator throwthe said lever lb' fully over to the left hand in Fig. l, then theintermediate wheel S is brought directly into engagement with both i5 ofthe wheels lO and l2 and revolves in the direction shown in Fig. 5.\\"hen at any time the operator throws the lever 16 into a positionintermediate to the two positions just described` then the intermediatewheels are brought into their idle positions, (shown in Fig. 4,) whereinboth intermediates stand free from the driving and driven wheels, thedriving-wheel l() only revolving.

The action described is obtained by means 5 of the organization of themechanism, wherein the axes of the crank-shafts and the position andangular movement of the crank-arms are so related as to produce thedescribed sults on the proper turning of the crankshafts. 'lhe arm ll,when in its intermediate position, stands in alignment with the line a athrough shafts 5 and t5, as shown in Fig. l. On turning said arm lt ineither direction, as in Figs. 5 or t5, the crank l5 approaches the shaft5 and brings the wheel S into engagement with the wheel l2 on shaft 5.\Vhen said arm l-lis thrown downward, as in Fig. e', the wheel 8 is alsoand simnltaneously engaged with the wheel 10, this wheel having beenproperly located for that purpose. When the arm 1l is raised, as in Fig.5, the wheel S, as before, is thrown into engagement with the wheel 12,but also and previously strikes the wheel 9, and through this wheel andby reason of the position of the arm lll, swings the crank 2O toward theleft hand and downward, thereby bringing the wheel t) into engagementalso with the driving-wheel l0.

Itwillbe understood that it is not essential to the general operation orfunction ol' the mechanism that the intermediate wheels be carried bycranks, as shown, if only they are supported to be movable in thedirection and substantially as set forth; but the use of cranks for thatpurpose is deemed preferable because of the lirm support and free actionthereby obtained. lt should also be understood that my improvement isnot limited to the use of frictional gearing, since the sameorganization shown and described is operative with spungeariug,provided, of course, that thedepth of the teeth is suitably proportionedrelatively to the throw of the wheels toward and from each other.

llaving thus described my invention, l claim- V1. ln reversiiiggearing,the combination, with the driving and driven wheels, of the lirstintermediate wheel lnovably supported to be shifted in one directioninto engagement with the driven wheel and to be shifted in. the oppositedirection into engagement with both the driving and driven wheels, and asecond intermediate wheel movably supported, substantially as described,to be shifted on and by the first-named movement of the firstintermediate wheel into engagement with the driving-wheel, whereby powermay be transmitted from the driving-wheel to the driven wheel throughone intermediate or through two intermediates.

In reversing-gearing, the' combination, with the driving and drivenwheels, of the first intermediate wheel carried on a crank, whereby itmay be thrown into engagement with the driven wheel only or intoengagement with both the driving and driven wheels, and the secondintermediate wheel carried by a second crank supported to be actuatedthrough its intermediate wheel from the flrst intermediate wheel,substantially as set forth.

3. In reversilig-gearing, the combination, with the grooved driving anddriven wheels, of the lirst and second intermediate wheels, means,substantially as described, movably supporting said intermediate wheels,the second intermediate wheel having two groovcd faces, one for engagingthe driving-wheel and the other for engaging the tirst intermediatewheel, substantially as described.

-t. In i'eversinggearing, the combination, with a suitable frame-workcarrying the driving and driven shafts, oli' the driving-wheel on thedriving-shaft andthe driven wheel on the driven shaft, the crankshafts(l and T, supported in said frame-work and carrying the firstvintermediate and second intermediate wheels, respectively, and means foroperating said crankshaft (3.

In reversiiig-gearing, the combination, with driving and drivenwheels,substantially as described, of the first and second intermediatewheels, said second intermediate wheel being movably supported upon thecrank lil, the stop-pin limiting said crank movement in one direction,and a spring normally holding said crank against said stoppin.

FRANCIS ll. RICHARDS.

ll'itnesses:

HENRY L. RECKARD, Il. MALLNE'R.

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